Emerging Treatments for Parkinson’s Disease: Adaptive DBS, Gene, and Cell Therapy
Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and nonmotor symptoms (autonomic, cognitive, and psychiatric). We will review emerging therapeutic strategies across deep brain stimulation (DBS), cell therapy, and gene therapy. First, DBS uses implanted intracranial electrodes to deliver chronic electrical stimulation aimed at normalizing network function. Recent devices enable real-time neural recording and adaptive stimulation that responds to sensed biomarkers. Second, we will examine efforts to rebuild dopaminergic circuitry using autologous dopaminergic cell transplantation. Finally, we will discuss gene therapy, with a focus on AAV2-mediated GDNF delivery, to support surviving dopaminergic neurons and potentially slow degeneration.
